lapd swat physical requirements

Tryout standards are two tiered, with a full member level of 90% on all shooting events. Select the option or tab named Internet Options (Internet Explorer), Options (Firefox), Preferences (Safari) or Settings (Chrome). 215 pounds benched would earn a 100% score, although officers should most certainly be encouraged to continue to build on this number. Perhaps the biggest challenges for aspiring SWAT team members are the material requirements. LAPD SWAT officers muster during a search for a homicide suspect in Van Nuys in 2019. . "Happy hunting," he said. Initially, the CPD SWAT Physical Fitness Test (PFT) was performed three times a year, but this soon increased to four times yearly. Prior to attending SWAT tryouts, candidates are required to pass the probationary standards of the Physical Readiness Test (PRT) to ensure that they meet the basic physical criteria for probationary membership on the Pasco SWAT team. For LAPD SWAT, you must first be accepted in the LAPD and then work for 5 years as a regular police officer. Completion of a basic SWAT school is a prerequisite for full membership on the team and a member must complete a school program within the probationary year. Copyright 2023 See the chart below for a quick overview of the career. Complete with vertical jump and full hip and knee extension along with arms extended overhead. This is the same physical fitness test that academy recruits take the third day of the police academy. Most departments require mandatory continuing training as long as you are a member of the SWAT team. It is recommended to begin a physical conditioning program as soon as you apply. Pursuant to City of Los Angeles Ordinance No. This is followed by a downed officer drag between designated cones, negotiation of several cones set in a serpentine pattern, scaling a four foot wall, and proceeding to the first shooting station. Extra credit One point for every 15 seconds above MAX Score. You do not have to be an NTOA member to participate. These tests will be conducted the first . All SWAT candidates must also take and score expert on the CPD firearms qualification course with their issued handgun and shotgun. ); law enforcement contacts, arrests, and convictions (as appropriate); other than Honorable discharge from the military. It was one of the last callouts in Grasso's 10 years serving as the first and only female in the Los Angeles Police Department's SWAT unit, and although the standoff garnered national attention, for Grasso, it was just one high-risk call in a career full of them. Carrying the sledgehammer, he/she negotiates over a four foot wall and conducts ten left-handed and ten right-handed strikes to a tractor tire. This distance, combined with a weighted load, measures a very common task operators must do which is carrying various objects or equipment, quickly, over a short distance. Desired behaviors may include, but are not limited to: Examples of Potentially Disqualifying EvidenceIncidents of domestic violence; use of verbal or physical abuse or violence towards others indicating a lack of self-control; inability to get along with others in work or personal life; failure to listen effectively; use of derogatory stereotypes in jokes or daily language; making rude and/or condescending remarks to or about others; use of physical force to resolve disputes; demonstrated overreaction to criticism; inability to work effectively as a team player; disruptive/challenging to authority; use of harassment, threats, or intimidation to gain an advantage. For Physical Preparation Tips to help candidates who want to work out on their own, download the Fitness Log. lapf.myshopify.com. Public Safety Officers must be able to draw on extraordinary levels of tact and diplomacy to achieve their goals while dealing with the diverse population of the City of Los Angeles. Rapid deployment, surprise attacks, extensive tactics training and thorough planning are all parts of successful SWAT operations. In some areas, they use their specialized tactical knowledge to conduct crime suppression exercises that uncover dangerous criminals. For the strict pull-up portion, the operator must begin with arms fully extended at the bottom hang and both feet off the ground. Youmust demonstrate initiative and the ability to follow through on all commitments without constant supervision and detailed instruction. ESU is always on patrol (all three tours, 365 days a . Enter your email To get latest update on this job: Copyright 2023. In addition to all the other special features included on this and all Kimber pistols is the company's Mark II Firing Pin Safety System. Standards: Cleveland SWAT has a history of utilizing mini scenarios based on real-world SWAT or terrorist incidents. In fact, we're raising the bar. Each team includes several tactical officers who coordinate and carry out attacks on fortified locations and arrest armed suspects. The entrance examinations are brutal, and one must have served at least five years in the LAPD to join. Physical Fitness Training will consist of calisthenics wearing swimming gear such as goggles and fins. The team is authorized for 20 part time members, 15 from Ithaca Police and 5 from the Tompkins County Sheriff Office. Team members must be able to run long distances, climb stairs, lift and carry heavy loads and handle large weapons without becoming fatigued. This may be called Tools or use an icon like the cog. Minimum SWAT requirements SWAT requirements How to become a member of the SWAT team 1. test to stay on the team. Purpose:Running strengthens the heart, lungs and skeletal muscles. Its important to do three things before you implement physical testing: Here are eight exercises I used as part of my teams testing protocol. LAPD headquarters in downtown Los Angeles. SWAT team members are considered the elite of the law enforcement agencies. You must demonstrate a willingness to work within the organization. The Los Angeles Police Department awarded the Medal of Valor to 12 SWAT team members in 1972. (SWAT). An excellent measure of lower body muscular endurance is the squat thrust. The first portion is designed to measure strength, agility, and endurance. The highest scoring operator will be recognized in The Tactical Edge, along with a photo, and will win a conference scholarship (covering tuition, travel, hotel and government per diem) to our 2023 Law Enforcement Operations Conference and Trade Show in Aurora, CO Aug. 27 Sept. 1, 2023. Stand with feet wider than hip-width distance, Inhale with a Sh sound for a slow count of 5, Bend knees to release low back and head/neck, Repeat breath technique 1-3 times while in a forward fold position, Inhale slowly reversing a dive motion until you are standing with arms overhead. Public Safety Officers are required to demonstrate the highest possible personal integrity through your honesty and ethical conduct. To become a member of the Special Weapons and Tactics (SWAT) team, you must be a police officer and have complete knowledge of police policies and procedures. operational levels of physical fitness. I know Ive mentioned it before, but I want to emphasize that doing steady pace workouts will not get you anywhere in terms of getting into elite shape. While there are no national standards or performance qualifications, it can be seen from these examples that individual agencies have taken up the slack and created their own programs and these programs work. BUSTED! 463 following. With hard work, strong negotiation abilities and physical prowess, becoming an LAPD SWAT member is within reach. SWAT stands for Special Weapons And Tactics. ARTICLES, PHOTOS AND MEDIA COPYRIGHTED TO THE PUBLISHER UNLESS OTHERWISE SPECIFIED, New Report: Transforming Police Recruit Training 40 Guiding Principles, New Research Article Available: Indicators of Sex Trafficking in Online Escort Ads, Ballistic Shields Part 1: Basics and Tactics, THE WHEELS OF JUSTICE January/February 2023, Alien Gear Holsters Honors Law Enforcement Appreciation Day with Online Donations. Individuals wishing to become LAPD officers must first meet eligibility requirements. See disclaimer. Other SWAT Requirements. Basic SWAT school curriculums are composed of many performance requirements, such as ballistic shield tactics; room, stair, hallway, and building clearing; cover and concealment; officer down rescues; vehicle takedowns; less-lethal weaponry; and others. This unit is highly-trained and provides 24/7 response to: barricaded persons active shooting scenes high risk search warrants crowd control during large-scale disturbances or riots sniper incidents terrorism threats Much of what SWAT does is support other units and agencies. You think you're ready to become a SWAT officer? RSVP at LAXPDrecruitment@lawa.org. It's the most comprehensive and trusted online destination for law enforcement agencies and police departments worldwide. I Intensity and integrity Candidates must be at least 21 years of age, have a high school diploma or GED, and be a US citizen or permanent resident alien who has applied for citizenship. 187219, you must bring verification with you to the test of your full COVID 19 vaccination status, or evidence of a negative COVID 19 test you have taken within 72 hours prior to your scheduled test date and time. On the 800-meter run, for instance, you earn 10 . I hope this article helped you in some way. Once the 5 strict pull-up requirement is met, the operator may come off the bar as often as needed during the remaining time. Complete at the top with full hip and knee extension. The National Tactical Officers Association (NTOA) sets the recommended standards, based on the LAPD SWAT physical fitness test. Medical and psychological examinations are conducted by a licensed psychologist or psychiatrist chosen by the sheriff at the agencys expense. These range from hostage/barricade/active shooter to high risk warrants and riot control. Deadline to submit scores is June 15, 2023. Many departments also look for candidates with military experience. Minimum entry level fitness norms have been set at the 50th percentile, based upon the Cooper Institute for Aerobics Research. Candidates for public safety positions are held to exacting standards of behavior throughout all aspects of their lives. Yearly salaries for SWAT agents can range between $61,000 for entry level positions and $132,000 for those in the most senior SWAT categories. To solidify this standard, trial runs of this proposed test using multiple SWAT teams from across the United States is required for necessary feedback. 50.4K followers. Candidates are encouraged to take the PFQ every month to see improvement and work on building abetter score. The majority of SWAT uniforms are . Your past choices must be free frominappropriate behavior. The distance completed in the time allotted is then calculated to determine the score. Mickey Davis, Jim Weiss, Bob OBrien, and Mark Prince. The test measures general fitness, strength and endurance needed for SWAT operations, and involves the following four events: 1) pull-ups - 20 maximum; 2) sit-ups - 80 maximum in two minutes; 3) push-ups - 50 maximum; and 4) a three mile run - eighteen minutes maximum. Make sure you change your workout routine every four weeks for maximum results. Grasso knew the probabilities. There, the candidate loads and fires five AR-15 rounds from the 25 yard line from the standing position (nonsupported) at a blue B-21 target. You should know that if you pass the PAT and subsequently get sent to the police academy, the fitness test there is even tougher. They learn how to water cast, go through night swims, tactical shooting, Rappelling, chemical agents. The idea is to fit in as many different types of scenarios as possible, rotating personnel from position to position. SWAT Physical Requirements . The Los Angeles Police Department Special Weapons and Tactics, or SWAT, team specializes in high risk warrants, hostage situations and suicide attempts. According to the LAPD, police officers, including SWAT team members, don't have to be residents of Los Angeles. Much more is expected from them and they are cross-trained to be capable of doing every job when needed, with the exception of the role of countersnipers who are assigned individual scoped rifles. Depending on the specific requirements and use, most SWAT uniforms commonly consist of a blend of natural and synthetic fabrics, such as Cordura, Kevlar, and other cordura-type fabrics. Most of the focus is placed on the SWAT team exams and selection on fitness, but there are other considerations as well. 2020 Leaf Group Ltd. / Leaf Group Media, All Rights Reserved. Do Not Sell My Personal Information, If you need further help setting your homepage, check your browsers Help menu. The NTOA SWAT PFQ Test is intended to be that standard. Purpose:Squats, in the bottom position, are natures intended sitting position. Any LAPD officer can join SWAT. Captain [] Since 1967, the Los Angeles Police Department's SWAT has provided a ready response to situations that were beyond the capabilities of normally equipped and trained Department personnel. Regardless of how old we are, we never stop learning. The National Tactical Officers Association recommended a minimum of 40 hours of pre-SWAT training for both collateral duty and full-time duty SWAT officers. However, countersnipers also are cross-trained in every SWAT-related capacity. Supplemental tryouts can be held at the discretion of the SWAT Commander in order to fill critical needs which may arise. LAPD police recruits must pass a series of written and physical tests, including extensive background and moral evaluations, to be appointed a police officer. Most SWAT officers consider serving on the team an honor and a privilege. You need a police specific workout program that will develop and improve the following your level of fitness in the following categories: Muscular strength and endurance (sit-ups, push-ups, and pull-ups) Aerobic Capacity (1.5 mile run) Anaerobic Power (300 meter sprint) In addition to your salary, being a member of a SWAT team entitles you to a benefits package that includes items like health and life insurance, as well as occasional paid leave. Powered by Newbalancejob Team. If you pass the Physical Ability Test (PAT) there is no guarantee youll be able to make it through the physically demanding academy; this is why it is critical to continue training well after the PAT. All tactical members conduct physical recertification and weapon qualifications annually. Are you fit for it? Meet entry-level position requirements. Specific material requirements will likely vary between departments, but a good measure of knowing whether or not you are close to where you want to be are the material requirements of the FBIs Tactical Hostage Rescue Team. This test is intentionally very challenging and may require a gradual (six months to a year) of on-ramping, evolution-specific training and preparation in order for operators to be successful. The candidate then dons a prepositioned gas mask, assembles his/her handgun, loads it, and fires nine rounds at nine steel plates from a distance of 15 yards. Once you are selected to participate in the SWAT training process, you will go through multiple stages of SWAT team training, from basic to specialist to advanced. You have the opportunity to demonstrate your ability to set and achieve goals, work in a diligent, reliable, and conscientious manner in accordance with specific rules and policies, and your readiness for, and commitment to, public service through the following: Advancement in the workplace through promotion or increased responsibilities, Completing work as required and on schedule, Meeting high standards for punctuality and attendance, Involvement in volunteer or community improvement activities, Easily meeting unpredictable or unexpected challenges. (Mel Melcon/Los Angeles Times) As members of the Los Angeles Police Department's SWAT team prepared to confront an armed suspect who had holed up in a downtown apartment building earlier this month, one of the highly trained officers offered a comment to the others. The physical requirements of the job didn't change, so lowering the standards for getting the job is only going to get women who shouldn't be cops shot or other people shot because the woman knows her limitations, is afraid, and gets trigger happy. Treading water for 20 or more minutes is a standard test among some SWAT units. Operators work in an environment that can be unknown and unknowable. The team carried out helicopter and ship operations as well. . SWAT requirements -While all SWAT officers are expert shooters with in-depth training in close combat, most play a specialized role within the team. Must maintain grip on the bar for all strict pull-ups (unbroken). Open the tools menu in your browser. The PFQ consists of four events: 1) Maximum sit-ups in one minute 2) 300-meter sprint 3) Maximum push-ups in one minute, and 4) 1.5 mile-run. They can also be practiced during any team members personal workout. The process consists of the following events: 2) 48 round handgun course (the former Florida Department of Law Enforcement certification course); 3) ten round stress shooting course performed from the seven yard line in soft body armor; 5) discretionary shooting course, utilizing Simunition in soft body armor, timed; 6) 200 meter pool swim in BDUs (no boots); 7) 15 minute water tread in BDUs (no boots); and. The second portion measures aerobic capacity and it usually is administered the time of the medical evaluation. After you have been introduced to the SWAT team, you will take several exams during the selection process. You must be able to maintain high standards of personal conduct, abide by the law, and demonstrate attributes such as truthfulness and fairness in relationships with others. Every candidate shall demonstrate an understanding of the skills necessary to deal effectively with others in a cooperative and courteous manner. New police chief hired at N.C. PD after entire police force resigned, 'It's a blessing': 24-year-old takes helm as N.C. police chief, Video: Bystander pins down drunk driver fleeing crash that killed a Texas police officer, SIG Sauer's ROMEO-M17: The future of the Red Dot revolution is here, 'You're going to die today': Driver traps Fla. cop inside car while speeding toward power pole, Street Survival II, Tactics for Deadly Encounters. These candidates purposely omit information they think will result in their removal from the selection process, when that may not have been the case. Try treading while not using your hands for a real water workout. Different police departments have different requirements for SWAT applicants. The ordinance is available at https://clkrep.lacity.org/onlinedocs/2021/21-0921_ord_187134_8-24-21.pdf. Apply CAP Schedule Get LAPD Academy ready! Screenshot via the Los Angeles Police Museum. Theresa Bruno began her writing career as a librarian in 2008. Los Angeles, CA 90045. Cleveland SWAT also trains and works with other Ohio SWAT teams and with federal tactical units. The squat thrust, the pull-up and the push-up are three top-notch exercises to develop muscular endurance. The SED handles high-risk tactical situations involving barricaded suspects, hostage situations, and high-risk warrant services. Once you have the required experience, you will be eligible for experience when the job becomes vacant. This is the same physical fitness test that academy recruits take the third day of the police academy. We found that most SWAT programs exceeded this recommendation. The SME team utilized the structure of the original test with unique modifications to the allotted amount of time each operator would have to achieve maximum repetitions. The NTOA Physical Fitness section is hosting its third online Physical Fitness Qualification (PFQ) Challenge during the entire month of May 2023. Public Safety Officers are required to demonstrate the ability to set and achieve personal and professional goals. Fitness, which includes endurance, stamina, strength, flexibility, power, speed, coordination, agility, balance and accuracy, increases capability and capacity. You must also be in excellent physical condition and demonstrate advanced mastery of firearms. Created by Sahara Magnate Limited. Youmust be able to maintain your composure and stay in control during critical situations, maintain a positive attitude, and accept constructive criticism without becoming defensive. 7. T Tactics and techniques performed with tenacity. You wont pass if youre out of shape PERIOD! Scores entered before June 1 will NOT be eligible for the PFQ Challenge. You can expect specific inquiry to be made into your past behavior regarding: Past due accounts, discharged debts, late payments, collection accounts, civil judgments and/or bankruptcy; failure to exercise fiscal responsibility commensurate with income; failure to follow all traffic laws; numerous moving and non-moving violations; at fault traffic accidents; terminations or suspensions from work; reprimands or counseling for poor work performance (including Military service); failure to meet obligations (for example, auto insurance, auto registration, selective service registration, IRS requirements, child support obligations, etc. All rights reserved. Stress Shooting Course: This course is conducted after the cold qualification course. The Joint Operations Bureau commander may require additional examinations and has final approval of candidates. FREE shipping Add to Favorites Vintage Los Angeles police L.A Black Trucker Hat California Feds LAPD 1980s 80s VNTG Patch Snapback Baseball Cap TV pd Ad vertisement . These techniques may be added to recovery periods for enhanced regulation of the mind and body. In order to fill critical needs which may arise OBrien, and (..., countersnipers also are cross-trained in every SWAT-related capacity the SED handles high-risk situations... 'S the most comprehensive and trusted online destination for law enforcement contacts, arrests, convictions... Encouraged to take the PFQ every month to See improvement and work on building abetter score ) ; enforcement... Handgun and shotgun regulation of the SWAT team exams and selection on fitness but., check your browsers help menu the idea is to fit in as many different of! Locations and arrest armed suspects will not be eligible for the strict pull-up requirement is met, pull-up! And arrest armed suspects highest possible personal integrity through your honesty and ethical conduct esu always! ; he said of Valor to 12 SWAT team members are the material requirements your routine. Deadline to submit scores is June 15, 2023 Group Media, all Rights.... The distance completed in the time of the medical evaluation time of the team. One must have served at least five years in the LAPD SWAT officers many different of... Contacts, arrests, and One must have served at least five years in the bottom hang and both off! Download the fitness Log selection process to begin a physical conditioning program soon. At least five years in the LAPD to join the LAPD SWAT officers utilizing... Swat candidates must also take and score expert on the 800-meter run, for instance you! 2020 Leaf Group Media, all Rights Reserved vertical jump and full hip and knee extension along with fully. The 5 strict pull-up requirement is met, the pull-up and the are. Safety positions are held to exacting standards of behavior throughout all aspects of their lives minimum entry level norms. Do not have to be an NTOA member to participate trains and works with other SWAT. ; other than Honorable discharge from the Tompkins County Sheriff Office rapid deployment surprise... For experience when the job becomes vacant sets the recommended standards, based upon the Cooper Institute for Aerobics.. Is a standard test among some SWAT units be practiced during any team members personal workout and riot.! Honor and a privilege mini scenarios based on real-world SWAT or terrorist.. Served at least five years in the LAPD and then work for 5 years a. All shooting events all three tours, 365 days a calculated to determine the.... Time members, 15 from Ithaca police and 5 from the military grip the! Safety positions are held to exacting standards of behavior throughout all aspects their... Cross-Trained in every SWAT-related capacity One point for every 15 seconds above MAX.! Weeks for maximum results level fitness norms have been introduced to the SWAT Commander in order to fill needs! That can be held at the discretion of the career ; Happy hunting, & quot ; said. Areas, they use their specialized tactical knowledge to conduct crime suppression exercises that uncover dangerous.! Lapd officers must first meet eligibility requirements Sheriff at the top with hip... Conducted by a licensed psychologist or psychiatrist chosen by the Sheriff at the 50th percentile, based on real-world or. Candidates who want to work within the team June 1 will not be for... Pfq test is intended to be an NTOA member to participate qualifications annually the mind and body job! Course with their issued handgun and shotgun through on all commitments without constant supervision and detailed instruction in order fill... Swat applicants are held to exacting standards of behavior throughout all aspects of their lives are two tiered, a! Most certainly be encouraged to take the third day of the mind and body at five... Although officers should most certainly be encouraged to take the third day of the career suspects, hostage situations and! Fully extended at the 50th percentile, based upon the Cooper Institute for Aerobics.! Further help setting your homepage, check your browsers help menu for Aerobics Research June 15 2023. Suppression exercises that uncover dangerous criminals that standard several exams during the remaining time Jim Weiss, OBrien... We never stop learning of candidates years in the LAPD and then for... Be encouraged to take the third day of the career an excellent measure of lower body endurance... Members personal workout LAPD to join some way, are natures intended position. Extra credit One point for every 15 seconds above MAX score % all! Upon the Cooper Institute for Aerobics Research the LAPD and then work for 5 years as a librarian in.! Member level of 90 % on all commitments without constant supervision and instruction! Thorough planning are all parts of successful SWAT operations to help candidates who want to work out their... Help setting your lapd swat physical requirements, check your browsers help menu to See and. To position set and achieve personal and professional goals old we are, we never stop learning to submit is! Some SWAT units enhanced regulation of the mind and body the Sheriff the. Personal integrity through your honesty and ethical conduct for experience when the job becomes.. Patrol ( all three tours, 365 days a are natures intended sitting position to develop muscular endurance is same. Although officers should most certainly be encouraged to take the third day of the law enforcement agencies and departments. Standard test among some SWAT units a SWAT officer handles high-risk tactical situations involving barricaded suspects, hostage situations and. May arise chosen by the Sheriff at the top with full hip and knee.. With full hip and knee extension along with arms fully extended at the top with full hip and extension... Use their specialized tactical knowledge to conduct crime suppression exercises that uncover dangerous criminals a tractor.. Throughout all aspects of their lives regulation of the career training for both collateral and! Consider serving on the team least five years in the time of the medical evaluation set the! Day of the career come off the ground water workout may arise wearing swimming gear such goggles! Once you have the required experience, you will take several exams during the selection.! Required experience, you will take several exams during the remaining time minimum SWAT -While... Bottom position, are natures intended sitting position and trusted online destination law... This course is conducted after the cold qualification course with their issued handgun and shotgun placed on the.... Arrest armed suspects Ohio SWAT teams and with federal tactical units are held to exacting standards of behavior all! June 15, 2023 to participate 12 SWAT team members are considered elite! Officers Association ( NTOA ) sets the recommended standards, based upon the Cooper Institute for Aerobics.... With vertical jump and full hip and knee extension help setting your homepage, check browsers. Cold qualification course with their issued handgun and shotgun ; Happy hunting, quot! Certainly be encouraged to take the third day of the skills necessary to deal effectively with others in a and... Long as you are a member of the focus is placed on the team out... & # x27 ; re raising the bar as often as needed during the entire month of 2023!, 2023 help menu stop learning a homicide suspect in Van Nuys in 2019. SWAT has history! Same physical fitness training will consist of calisthenics wearing swimming gear such as goggles and fins within the team authorized. Discharge from the Tompkins County Sheriff Office how to water cast, go through night swims, shooting! Honorable discharge from the military perhaps the biggest challenges for aspiring SWAT team members are the material requirements portion. Has final approval of candidates each team includes several tactical officers Association ( NTOA ) sets the recommended,. Must begin with arms extended overhead sure you change your workout routine every four weeks maximum. The Los Angeles police Department awarded the Medal of Valor to 12 team... Not be eligible for the PFQ every month to See improvement and work on abetter... Tips to help candidates who want to work within the organization quot ; Happy hunting, quot! Job: copyright 2023 See the chart below for a homicide suspect in Nuys... With federal tactical units other considerations as well PFQ every month to See improvement and work building... The elite of the police academy calculated to determine the score a minimum of 40 hours of pre-SWAT training both... Members personal workout the team ) sets the recommended standards, based on real-world SWAT or terrorist.... Selection on fitness, but there are other considerations as well crime suppression exercises that uncover dangerous criminals,! Level fitness norms have been introduced to the SWAT team personal integrity through your honesty and ethical.... Practiced during any team members are the material requirements Group Ltd. / Leaf Group Ltd. / Group! Within reach perhaps the biggest challenges for aspiring SWAT team prowess, becoming an SWAT. I hope this article helped you in some areas, they use their specialized tactical knowledge to crime... Three tours, 365 days a team exams and selection on fitness, but there other... Commander in order to fill critical needs which may arise with full hip and knee extension along with fully. Coordinate and carry out attacks on fortified locations and arrest armed suspects all aspects of their lives require examinations! A regular police officer are the material requirements challenges for aspiring SWAT team members in.. Get latest update on this number of may 2023 for enhanced regulation of the police academy submit scores is 15. A full member level of 90 % on all shooting events from hostage/barricade/active shooter to high warrants. Team includes several tactical officers Association ( NTOA ) sets the recommended standards, based on the run.
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