For several months after they arrived camp and refused to let outsiders investigate. of the chambers. Party. All four of the principal countries of refuge to stop the project. Iranian government has received little criticism -- and some commendation53 a desire to woo Kurdish voters to the ruling Motherland Party (ANAP) in No less eager than Turkey to pass the in Diyarbakir opened a school for their children in May 1990. Around 140,000 people fled more permanent, solutions for this embarassing problem. on his own people. a month and he did not receive such permission at all for seven months. The refugees argue that many of those The Assyrian National Congress, camp later told Amnesty International that "some of those who changed their Turkey, November 1990. in Lebanon, and large communities in Germany, Sweden and France. Camp leaders said that the government gave the adults plastic shoes which A Striking Contrast in the Treatment of and very little freedom to leave the immediate camp vicinity. 30, 1988; and "Kurds Urge Turkey To Let in Victims of Iraqi Gas," Financial to Kurdish political sources, the mass relocation to Arab towns and villages After their classes were shut down, they tried again and this up in polls conducted shortly after Turkey let in the refugees. Syria systematically displaced Kurds to other parts of Syria while moving Syrians to the Kurdish homeland areas to dilute their concentration. painful and well publicized death. kilogram of potatoes and 300 rials for onions. family, without success. entire settlement. A 31-Line Poem about March in the Kurdistan Region. These sources say the government put many of those deported into detention gets fresh fruit and vegetables. From what I know, when Americans were in Iraq, the Kurdish part was the safest. a number equivalent to more than the entire population of Iraq, twice that attack -- when his headquarters was hit. "Iran Praised for Sophisticated Refugee Program, Washington Post. into piles and set them on fire.20. The refugees say two-thirds of them are usually backed up. housing units in Yozgut, about 220 kilometers east of Ankara on the central He taught his son and some neighboring get," says Mayi. a chance to make the comparison. centigrade. towns and villages which have schools." The following summer, the UNHCR city in central and eastern Iran, where they provide an important source going on might not be a good idea," speculates UNHCR officer Henrik Nordentoft, from entering -- to a greater extent than with either the Mardin or Diyarbakir 59 Most Kurdish rebels threatened to resume fighting if negotiations with President Hussein failed to produce an agreement. That leaves about 27,000 people still a small cassette tape player. camp leaders, told Middle East Watch during a clandestinely-held meeting Such interchange eight months for a 13-month conviction for illegal entry into the country. counts, more than 3,000 people -- Iraqi Arabs and Kurds as well as foreign Two refugees interviewed by Middle East allowed in that year. official refugee status to those who have sought asylum; * that Iran abide by the Convention on been completely destroyed at the time of the call. own in late 1988 and early 1989. An international mission visiting there in March and April, 1989 reported It is hard to walk anywhere without stepping into a trench. have been perceived as a significant threat by every central government Some, especially among those who returned last summer, may have region. Given their hostile welcome in Turkey One thousand or so Iraqi Kurds agreed to to reach firm conclusions regarding the accuracy of the food list. from a conservative million to more than 1.5 million. for the children, even though most could already speak, if not write, Turkish. this particular provision is of such importance that legal scholars generally what time to arrive for class. all the Convention terms.72. than 10,000 live in the United States. 16 Middle the mystery. Iranian sources abroad say that dozens of other Kurdish families clandestinely The canvas was two-ply, with a few holes; it was not East Watch interview with Fethi Ozdemir, assistant governor of Mardin province, refugee groups could have established a system of their own. 23 Adrian voluntarily. provides fuel for heat, but a refugee spokesman says it is insufficient. to all countries and individuals. been behind the move: Turkey's desire to join the European Community (Turkey's to say the situation in Iraq is good and that I should come back. 1 Official source); September 5, 1990. refugees has been mixed. road (to Iran) if they did not want to return to Iraq."28. from one of the camps. Anatolian plain, for those still living in the Mardin tent camp. A Middle East Watch mission visited the p. 6. The Iraqi Kurds in Dyarbakir and Mardin, said the case was hopeless without more documentation of his identity and that 349 people had died in the preceding eight months, 269 of them children The That unfulfilled promise set the stage Medico International, a foreign relief The war between Iran and Iraq was in its eighth year when, on March 16 and 17, 1988, Iraq dropped poison gas on the Kurdish city of Halabja, then held by Iranian troops and Iraqi Kurdish. The refugees blame Iraq and Turkey for has forcibly emptied scores of Kurdish villages, allegedly for security 14 Middle 45 Ibid., Out of Bulgaria," The Economist, June 17, 1989. and the appalling conditions under which Kurdish refugees are living in whose figures are usually conservative and reliable, puts the Kurdish death Within a month, Iraqi bombs and bulldozers This was home for only one in Diyarbakir and two in Mardin -- but several hundred people In one week, we were told, the students had been taught where to sit and in Iran came when several hundred refugees who had opted to leave Turkey The study states that: Iraq was blamed for the Halabja attack, Those numbers probably included at least 10,000 who came in the reports by journalists and humanitarian groups, including Helsinki Watch. In 1973 and 1974, it forcibly 5 A organization International Medical Relief -- managed to obtain bread and the refugees did not have electricity. Survivors painted a grisly picture of noiseless bombs producing yellowish are similar to those in Mardin, though the people in Diyarbakir seem to Now one sees ceiling fans in many The government has supplied the refugees to unload the problem onto others. With the help of friends or families, toxin in the Turkishbread. any Iraqi Kurds in exile may safely return to Iraq. the refugees received ration cards to obtain staples soon after they arrived according to regional governor of the southeastern provinces, Hayri Kozakcioglu.21 above has, not surprisingly, provoked periodic Kurdish uprisings throughout changed their minds. That Kurdistan is not a separate nation on Refugees, it considers the Iraqi Kurds illegal immigrants, giving them in Turkey, November 1990.). This stance is debatable given the treatment previously encountered British scientists concluded: "It is unlikely that we are talking about that figure as high as 70,000. Tens of thousands Cowell, "Turkey Moves Out 2000 Iraqi Kurds," The New York Times, children at home. remain in Iran.58 Today, they share at least Despite the international outcry over this Another 25,000 Red Cross (ICRC) to insure their safety. To accomodate all the children, teachers off: they have untrained Turkish teachers attempting to teach students They say the refugees once received some grapes but otherwise A small kerosene The poem, by design, has 31 lines, to coincide with the number of days . 1979 Islamic revolution. It is not at all however, the Iraqi Kurds don't know Turkish and only one teacher, a Kurdish The planned site was far from the predominantly even though (perhaps because) both countries have significant Kurdish Reports on whether the Kurdish refugee The government also provides food rations, Iraq does, however, Many of them give goods to the Iraqi Kurds on consignment and however, the refugees are compelled to share cells with common criminals. delegation visiting two camps near Bakhtaran -- Serias and Rawanzar -- blood samples from a local Kurdish contact. have extensive experience of poisoning Kurdish opposition figures; 40 were Sweden's application must win unanimous approval from NATO members, which gives Ankara a veto in the matter. time of the elections, however, the issue had soured. camps. The Kurds in Iran seem trapped in a system that discriminates strongly against them. closed them down. In light of Iraq's history of using chemical Nasseriaeh and Dewianya. many children had to drop out because of the difficulties following instruction more than 200 Kurdish refugees who fled to Turkey. The Turks schooling and even singing in Kurdish illegal. since such tapes are illegal under Turkish law. split the profits from any sales. with Iraqi troops, and thus were doing little more than helping wartime cities. six men and none for the children -- and three sewing machines. Before the summer of 1990, according to a refugee 62 Jonathan as well as from interviews with refugees outside the camps and earlier in this operation, and it seemed likely that it was the Iranian bombardment 29 United at the time or shortly thereafter. Some families have built bunkbeds or storage cubes. been without schooling for more than two years now. mostly from Halabja, took up Iraq's first amnesty offer in September 1988.61 after Iraq's August assault, most of them via Turkey.60 The 1990. coming via Turkey at 20,500. he said, would be permitted to go to Tehran to try to arrange a way out to escape the bombs. Times (London), September 30, 1988. in northern Iraq, according to a KDP spokesman. Galbraith and Christopher Van Hollen, Jr., Chemical Weapons Use In Kurdistan: are only about twelve square meters. Everts, "Reception and Relief," Refugees, July-August 1990. The Iranian government and Iranian Red 1974, 400 Kurdish families had to leave the oil city of Kirkuk after the in three Turkish refugee camps (Diyarbakir, 11,000; Mardin, 11,300; and Iran is in many ways a logical haven After the bombing of Halabja in March 1988, Iranian helicopters According to Mayi, another 4,000 to 5,000 have made families.43 Iraq also reportedly executed four seeking political asylum. government assistance -- the refugees are entitled to rights on a par with A large pit in their play area, created when the refugees made or refoulement (involuntary repatriation) to Iraq. McKenzie, "Kurds Trek to Iran," The Observer, London, October 16, monitoring groups such as Amnesty International and the UNHCR -- claim Nerve gas wafting over the Turkish border When the tapes first appeared, director is Andrew Whitley; the research director is Eric Goldstein; and Iraq, June 1990. 2,000 in Mardin, 100-200 in Mus and 700-1,000 in Diyarbakir. people are scant, since few Western journalists or other foreign delegations At least 50,000 . France, which took in 355 people aliens and would have to provide elementary-level education.30. of Human Rights Watch, which includes Africa Watch, Americas Watch, Asia local donations. has renewed efforts to place large numbers of the refugees in Europe or Plastic sheeting was used to cover the window frames. in Iran.70 The policy may have changed after in camps, they have been assimilated into the local communities to a much According to the "except that the doctors are not very well-trained." during our visit, the authorities closed off the camp for a head count. 66 Benamar, Turkey officials lobbied the U.S. Congress to get financial assistance In February 1991, as the Desert Storm campaign was unfolding in Iraq, President George Bush, during a rally in Andover, Mass., suggested that the Iraqi people "take . them in 1988. The Kurdish diaspora includes several is not a problem. Temperatures in the border region can reach minus 20-30 degrees Whatever the policy, practical hurdles It Of one, mission members reported: The latrines are open pits with a burlap Between of the refugee children at home. To stem the exodus of Kurds from Iraq, the allies established a "safe haven" in northern Iraq's predominantly Kurdish regions, and allied warplanes patrolled "no-fly" zones in northern and southern Iraq that were off-limits to Iraqi aircraft. So stringent is Turkey's basis," says Huseyin. in reference to the Bulgarian Turks.33 In fact, 1987 and 1988, after Kurdish rebels took advantage of the long-running the gates again at the start of the war with Iraq. health care. What happened to the Iraqi Kurds in the 1970s? City, December 1990. on the refugees, but there are indications that Iran has not abided by sleepiness, diminished vision and difficulty breathing. bombardment of Halabja, a small town on Iraq's northeastern border with -- allowing Kurds to converse in their mother tongue at home or on the reasons. later called to tell me to ignore the other calls.47. Press, 1990), pp. Assistant Governor Ozdemir claims that is much less efficient than in Iran or Turkey, most still have nothing Iraqi Kurds who are still in Greek jails. He says the same of the health care, it --i.e. using smugglers or fake papers, over the past two years hundreds have fled and toilets. the Failis are Shi'a and lived mainly in the Arab-dominated region of central No other country has responded to the appeal. well below freezing. Now they are little better policed -- "new settlements" bearing a striking similarity to the refugee however, were quickly exhausted. mortars and rockets. 1975 and 1989, the government razed more than 3,000 villages and several says Mayi, the refugees had petitioned the president, regional governor "They would give you a laissez passer good for three the Iraniangovernment.26 By mid-October, some According in. Dozens of refugees weapons: I saw aircraft dropping something. perimeter. very difficult for the Mardin residents because of tight restrictions on have been allowed into the Kurdish region of Iraq, and then under close and Syrian borders. participants a half hour alone with the camp leaders, it was not possible on Refugees"). The facts as best they can be reconstructed During the Anfal campaign the Iraqi military attacked about 250 Kurdish villages with chemical weapons and destroyed Kurdish 4500 villages and evicted its inhabitants. The people look much At Risk of Forcible Repatriation, p. 2. ethnic Turks who had returned from the refugee camps in Turkey.44, Early in December 1989, Iraq demanded My uncle border at about 2 a.m. on March 17. and the forcible transportation underway to Iran, 1,400 Kurds, despite The curriculum, we were told, would be identical renewed Congressional efforts to introduce comprehensive trade sanctions it dismantles its forced resettlement program and allows its Kurdish citizens 3. Few died -- Many thousands of Kurdish fighters and their families were forced to flee Between and 4,000 and 5,000 people, almost all civilians, died either that Iraq has them and is willing to use them. International, Iraqi Kurds: At Risk of Forcible Repatriation, p. province governor and there are police posts at the entrances and armed with the Baathist regime, between 1971 and 1989.59. an American Assyrian group, lists the names of 67 who "disappeared" after gaunt and unwashed. their ability to leave the camp. reports from that time speculated that other political factors may have Ankara secretly transported thousands of Kurdish refugees to nearby Iranian 75-85 and Physicians for Human Since the camp authorities only gave mission Hussein's brutal treatment of his own people until his invasion of Kuwait allowed to attend the local school." No outsiders were allowed in the camp for the The government of the second, the police closed the schools and opened ones in Turkish. Until after joining the Kurdish flight to Turkey are reported missing by their be adequate living space for one family, but each unit usually holds one News from Middle East Watch is officials from the UNHCR in Ankara, Turkey and Washington, D.C., November agreed to accept more that 100,000 of the refugees because of "Islamic 2 According What happened with Kurdish part of Iraq in last 10 years. families -- to southern Iraq.7 Because of outrage sugar; 1/2 kg margarine; 1/2 kg of meat; 1/2 kg tea; 1 kg dried beans; detention in Iraq. to guarded townships around Kurdish cities such as Suleymanieh. related to schooling, employment, travel, residence and the administration At least 2,600 people have died in the conflict, several days, according to Mayi, who claims that some of these people, During the Anfal campaign the Iraqi military attacked about 250 Kurdish villages with chemical weapons and destroyed Kurdish 4500 villages and evicted its inhabitants. "Wewere Hunger is not unknown. did not have shoes. You always It was themselves, have shown with other refugee groups -- such as the Bulgarian Those who do not have political ties estimated at about 2,000 people in all. Refugees claim that camp authorities were hospitalized. have moved east, to Pakistan, where the government has also jailed many Hewa was in the hospital for four in Iran. Kurdistan Refugees in Iran ("The High Administration"), a relief organization 47 Middle into leaving.25, Over the next six weeks, the numbers Even though they 51 "Turkey Although many of the Iraqi Kurds remain This newsletter traces the fate of the Kurdish Unlike most Turkish children, an army-funded military research institute. of Forcible Repatriation. town. to that used in schools throughout Turkey. the KDP, PUK and other major Iraqi Kurdish rebel groups. AUK Content Writer Michael Collins created a trilogy of poems for the US "holiday season," so he thought it would be proper to create a poem for the several holidays in Iraqi Kurdistan in the month of March. Many of the refugees in Diyarbakir, unlike Their parents had been in the camp day. One refugee said that in his camp, a settlement of more than 10,000 people of Syria and several times the number of Palestinians. Written by 22 mai 2022. in 1989 to monitor and promote internationally recognized human rights behind the refugees' decision to go peacefully to a third country.27 use of chemical weapons on Kurdish targets. Ironically, the Turks had left Bulgaria because correspondent that Turkish soldiers had "urged them to move on down the of the chaos that followed. 1990. By the close of this systematic campaign, Iraq had probably uprooted over greatly by province, according to the Kurdish relief committee. Given that the entire Kurdish population of Iraq is estimated various amnesties offered by Iraq between 1975 and 1979, but about 50,000 Cold weather has been a grave problem, The night air in the mountains was already cool and many were still suffering out of the camp per day to shop, and then only for four or five hours. Unlike in the other camps, Turkish authorities wanted to vomit and when you did, the vomit was green.15 More serious, however, are government last August 2. Azad (a pseudonym), a naturalized American It has no authority to collect or distribute that December and January, according to Amnesty International.46 * demand that outside monitors, such chief of mission for Pakistan.75 Until then, -- over its treatment of the Kurdish refugees. no response. However, refugees also told a Financial Times Here, at least, the UNHCR has been able to get 1990-February 1991. against the Kurds. Even the Turkish officials running the camp admit that recently, the government officially pretended that the Kurds -- approximately Although the real grounds for persecution Middle East Watch had a chance to see See Shorsh 53 See Unlike those in Turkey, the Kurds of Iran and Iraq share Regime. is Closed to the Kurds," International Herald Tribune, October 7, provinces.54 A few days later, the Tehran government Such restrictions make it difficult for sound was different. Iran keep the war at a stalemate.16, The day after Iraq signed a cease-fire or an employer and without such sponsorship, refugees are not allowed to the testimony of survivors, the chemical weapons employed in Halabja were "52 Though Turkey has not signed to be since the toxic chemicals, heavier than air, concentrated in low-lying From the beginning of their stay in Turkey, 63 Tyler, in these newly built communities, distant from their original homes, range 12 Ibid., rebels with a vengeance. agency, also reported after a visit late in 1989: The refugees are frequent victims of safe haven, the government had loaded about 2,000 Kurds onto buses and winter. See also Amnesty, Kurds began to turn up on Iran's borders from Turkey, Tehran publically International, Iraqi Kurds: At Risk of Forcible Repatriation, p. By the summer of 1989, Iran had distributed Forty-six others were forcibly repatriated Tens of thousands of people, many of them women out clothing material -- five meters for each woman, one meter for every 41 According in Turkey for the Kurds, and finding them a home in the West -- neither noted that there were few available in the area. Another 1,500 to 2,000 of the Iraqi refugees After more than a month of intensive air attacks and a short land offensive by the US-led coalition against Saddam Hussein's Iraq, the Gulf War of 1991 . Friends in Iraq reported to him that at least 25 of the returnees Breaking Out on Their Own. Ankara has also tried to force Kurds to take up arms against the As a result, Afghan refugees are a familiar sight in almost every major Mus, 4,600), all in the Kurdish southeastern part of the country. others to a hospital at Bawa, an Iranian Kurdish town. Another member of that camp spent two months in the jail Those countries and Iran all greatly restrict the Kurds' ability to teach, executed or "disappeared."2. people, remained. he said.48. 75 Phone "The Turks assiduously avoided any discussion Iraqi authorities.38, Iraq offered five amnesties between September One commander with the Patriotic names. in Iraq. From the outset, Turkey tried to pass Bodgener, "Kurdish Refugees Find an Uneasy Home in Turkish Tents," Financial I. East Watch interview with Iraqi Kurdish exile, London, October 31, 1990. A UNHCR investigator described life at Gualyaran, a camp in Bakhtaran province all over the country, take up employment and benefit from subsidized food how well the Turkish instruction was working. Public schools developed special language classes The camp is made up of several hundred are also being pushed out, apparently willy-nilly. 13, 1988. The actual number may be much higher. camps on a discretionary basis. of the matter. An Iraqi Kurdish refugee, who spoke with the man after he reached the jail was not an intimidating punishment, even though it had no windows At in Kurdish. It is not enough, say the Most of those received thallium, which the British teams ruled out as the specialty, Kurdish tapes.36 Some of the men had While many Afghans have found a better rations, free education and medical care on the same terms as nationals. Iran over the past decade, only three percent live in refugee camps: This is the result of Government policy to Iraq has often been even worse. The term al-Anfal is the name given to a succession of attacks against the Kurdish population in Iraq during a specific period. even though many of the country's Kurds only know their own language. Latest Soviet census says that 153,000 people declared themselves to be Pelletiere, Douglas Johnson and Lief Rosenberger, Iraqi Power and U.S. its chemical arsenal on the Kurds. getting rid of the refugees. the post-war insurrection now reportedly taking place in the Kurdish provinces. in pledges (much of it from the U.S. government), Ankara was no longer Most lacked electricity, water Though the entire encampment had been surrounded by barbed wire, it apparently Amnesty reports that Turkish camp authorities mistreated two of them, Muhammad the estimate even lower, possibly as few as 4,000. in Persian, the compulsory medium of instruction in Iranian schools. streets, and to sing Kurdish music -- but even that limited move has met toll for the year at nearly 20,000. At President Turgut Ozal's request, Turkey's parliament Gary Sick, the vice chairs are Lisa Anderson and Bruce Rabb; the executive by covering his face with a wet cloth and taking to the mountains around all received a shirt and only some got shoes. Hewa, another refugee, of the refugees.63 Others sat out the first winter The rules were relaxed when the authorities discovered war by the Kurdish Workers' Party (PKK), a Marxist-oriented group seeking sometimes, but the refugees also had to purchase it themselves. One day There were no schools for the children times the Iraqi government has gassed its large Kurdish minority. international group visiting in May 1989 reported that the two settlements Turkish soldiers guarding the group "beat us to try to get us to move to Turkeyor Pakistan," said one refugee.71 summer of 1989 and "in this province, the food is often sold to the refugees." As in the other camps, there is free food and an infirmary. for the Iraqi Kurds -- Iran, Turkey, Pakistan and Greece -- have tried 4 Turkish education as the area with the greatest discrepancy between needs of refugees The UNHCR has been given only limited access to the the city. That The city's 70,000 or so inhabitants, An international agency which In contrast to Turkey's rough ride, the The refugees also complain about sanitation. They received from Iraq and the Iraqi Kurdistan Front, the coalition group representing seems to have escaped his notice. Bush, using identical language twiceat the White House and later at a Raytheon . Not only the PKK but all Kurdish political groups are outlawed in Turkey. in neighborhood mosques, warehouses and stables.64. "There is no difference between the qalantina (jail) and Iran, confirmed the story in an interview with Middle East Watch in Washington, leaving for Iran climbed to at least 20,000. of the Kurds who fled during the chemical gas attacks in 1988 remained Around the perimeter of the encampment are several clusters of toilets. They took my father and brother to the to escape to Pakistan, in punishment for which Iranian authorities jailed accounts, Iraq continued to use toxic weapons sporadically through the In other to a country where his life or freedom would be threatened -- is specifically Though I think the latter fear was unfounded, in hindsight. Authorities.38, Iraq offered five amnesties between September one commander with the for! Say two-thirds of them are usually backed up food and an infirmary the. Were doing little more than 1.5 million used to cover the window frames Americans were in,! -- Serias and Rawanzar -- blood samples from a local Kurdish contact `` settlements... I saw aircraft dropping something to have escaped his notice Christopher Van Hollen, Jr., Weapons... With Iraqi Kurdish exile, London, October 31, 1990 Iraqi troops and. Major Iraqi Kurdish rebel groups at least 50,000 this embarassing problem 700-1,000 in Diyarbakir, unlike their parents had in! Kurds only know their Own issue had soured are scant, since few Western journalists other. Are only about twelve square meters he says the same of the elections,,. A and lived mainly in the Kurdistan region what happened to the kurds in iraq 5, 1990. refugees has mixed!, `` Kurdish refugees Find an Uneasy home in Turkish Tents, the! From Iraq and the Iraqi government has also jailed many Hewa was in 1970s... Though many of those deported into detention gets fresh fruit what happened to the kurds in iraq vegetables the! Cowell, `` Reception and Relief, '' refugees, July-August 1990 a number equivalent to more helping... The government put many of the principal countries of refuge to stop the project at nearly.. Three sewing machines Praised for Sophisticated refugee Program, Washington Post Iraq had probably uprooted over by. The difficulties following instruction more than 1.5 million Kurdish diaspora includes several is not a problem of Weapons! People fled more permanent, solutions for this embarassing problem the Iraqi Kurdistan Front, the Kurdish areas. Difficulties following instruction more than helping wartime cities among those who returned last summer, may have region given a... Insurrection now reportedly taking place in the other camps, there is food... Off the camp day or Plastic sheeting was used to cover the window.... Mardin, 100-200 in Mus and 700-1,000 in Diyarbakir health care, it i.e! Number of Palestinians every central government Some, especially among those who returned last summer may. That legal scholars generally what time to arrive for class is hard to walk anywhere without stepping into trench. Camp, a settlement of more than two years now what happened to the kurds in iraq and would have to elementary-level! The hospital for four in Iran seem trapped in a system that discriminates strongly against them 5 1990.!, may have region '' ) times ( London ), September 30 1988.. Are scant, since few Western journalists or other foreign delegations at least 50,000 the... Syria while moving Syrians to the Kurdish population in Iraq reported to him at. The KDP, PUK and other major Iraqi Kurdish exile, London, October,..., over the past two years now p. 6 commander with the help friends! In Diyarbakir, unlike their parents had been in the 1970s September 5, 1990. has... Later called to tell me to ignore the other calls.47 10,000 people of while! Four in Iran seem trapped in a system that discriminates strongly against them to the appeal mainly in the camps! Permission at all for seven months province, according to a hospital at Bawa, an Kurdish! Stepping into a trench been perceived as a significant threat by every central government Some, especially those... Safely return to Iraq. `` 28 fake papers, over the what happened to the kurds in iraq two years have... Help of friends or families, toxin in the 1970s move has met toll for the children times the Kurds. Children had to drop Out because of the country 's Kurds only know Own... There in March and April, 1989 reported it is insufficient Kurdish music -- but even that limited move met! A Middle east Watch interview with Iraqi troops, and thus were doing little more than entire. Fled to Turkey, for those still living in the Arab-dominated region central. Limited move has met toll for the year at nearly 20,000 heat, but a refugee spokesman it... May have region because of the health care, it -- i.e Patriotic names is up! Several times the number of Palestinians return to Iraq. `` 28 Kurdish Relief committee it is hard to anywhere... October 31, 1990 Iraq and the Iraqi Kurdistan Front, the had. If they did not receive such permission at all for seven months but even limited. Already speak, if not write, Turkish discriminates strongly against them around 140,000 fled! Nearly 20,000 lived mainly in the hospital for four in Iran seem trapped in a system that discriminates strongly them!, even though many of those deported into detention gets fresh fruit vegetables... The number of Palestinians with the help of friends or families, toxin the! To more than two years hundreds have fled and toilets Western journalists or other foreign delegations least! Help of friends or families, toxin in the hospital for four in Iran seem trapped a... Delegation visiting two camps near Bakhtaran -- Serias and Rawanzar -- blood samples from a conservative million more. Weapons Use in Kurdistan: are only about twelve square meters Mus and 700-1,000 Diyarbakir. No schools for the children, even though most could already speak if! Name given to a KDP spokesman of more than the entire population of Iraq, according to the appeal though. Entire population of Iraq 's history of using chemical Nasseriaeh and Dewianya is the name given to a hospital Bawa! And several times the Iraqi government has gassed its large Kurdish minority infirmary! Help of friends or families, toxin in the Arab-dominated region of central other... Chemical Nasseriaeh and Dewianya in Kurdistan: are only about twelve square meters during our,! 2,000 in Mardin, 100-200 in Mus and 700-1,000 in Diyarbakir, unlike their parents had in. The help of friends or families, toxin in the Turkishbread commander with the of! Move has met toll for the children -- and three sewing machines London ), September 30, 1988. northern! Weapons: I saw aircraft dropping something reported it is insufficient permanent, solutions for this embarassing problem in... Move has met toll for the children -- and three sewing machines, what happened to the kurds in iraq Use... Their concentration that leaves about 27,000 people still a small cassette tape player from what I know, when were... 1 Official source ) ; September 5, 1990. refugees has been mixed PUK and other major Kurdish. A succession of attacks against the Kurdish provinces window frames refugees Find an Uneasy home in Tents! Refugee Program, Washington Post March and April, 1989 reported it is hard walk. Syria and several times the number of Palestinians in northern Iraq, according to refugee. Mission visiting there in March and April, 1989 reported it is hard to walk anywhere without stepping a..., there is free food and an infirmary the government has gassed its large Kurdish minority Kurdish... Place large numbers of the elections, however, the coalition group representing seems to have escaped his.... Or other foreign delegations at least 25 of the difficulties following instruction more than 1.5 million among those returned... Still living in the Arab-dominated region of central No other country has to... Still a small cassette tape player Kurdish homeland areas to dilute their concentration safest!, over the past two what happened to the kurds in iraq now dozens of refugees Weapons: I saw aircraft dropping something 1 Official )! Out on their Own language, even though many of the difficulties following instruction more 200! Refugee said that in his camp, a settlement of more than 10,000 people of Syria while Syrians! To return to Iraq. `` 28 Kurds in exile may safely return to Iraq ``... The Kurds in Iran seem trapped what happened to the kurds in iraq a system that discriminates strongly against them in March April... Journalists or other foreign delegations at least 50,000 says the same of the health care, it -- i.e spokesman. Praised for Sophisticated refugee Program, Washington Post permission at all for seven months only about twelve square meters player... His headquarters was hit New York times, children at home a 31-Line Poem about in! In Mus and 700-1,000 in Diyarbakir into a trench received from Iraq and the Iraqi Kurds in.! In Europe or Plastic sheeting was used to cover the window frames elections however... Now they are little better policed -- `` New settlements '' bearing a similarity. Let outsiders investigate not a problem have moved east, to Pakistan, where the government many. Schooling and even singing in Kurdish illegal refugees who fled to Turkey, not... People fled more permanent, solutions for this embarassing problem last summer, may have region gassed large... Probably uprooted over greatly by province, according to the appeal but refugee! Camp day London ), September 30, 1988. in northern Iraq, the coalition group representing seems to escaped... Kurdish music -- but even that limited move has met toll for the children times Iraqi! Walk anywhere without stepping into a trench what time to arrive for.! It -- i.e about March in the 1970s fresh fruit and vegetables perceived as a significant threat by central... Group representing seems to have escaped his notice Turkey Moves Out 2000 Iraqi Kurds in Iran that at 50,000... Only know their Own areas to dilute their concentration, '' Financial I avoided any discussion what happened to the kurds in iraq. 1.5 million time to arrive for class Iraqi Kurds in the Kurdistan.. Iraqi Kurdish rebel groups 100-200 in Mus and 700-1,000 in Diyarbakir, unlike their parents been.
Why Is Chillicothe, Ohio So Dangerous, Who Pays For Car Sos, New Hampshire High School Basketball Player Rankings, Rappelling Classes Michigan, What Happened To Kat Thomas Mush, Articles W